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Defragmentation
Refers to the process of physically reorganizing files on a computer hard drive in order to store files as
contiguously as possible
Aims of Defragmentation
A heavily fragmented hard drive makes reading and writing
data slower; thus the desire to process more efficiently encourages defragmentation. Operating system manufacturers
often recommend periodic defragmentation in order to keep hard drive access as fast as possible
Fragmented data may also spread over more disk than it needs. Thus one may defragment in order to optimise
compact data storage before splitting a single partition into two or more partitions
Causes and Cures
The reorganization involved in defragmentation has nothing to do with the logical location of the files
(defined as their location within the directory structure)
Fragmentation occurs when the operating system cannot or will not allocate enough contiguous space to store a
complete file as a unit, but instead puts parts of it in gaps between other files, usually those gaps exist
because they used formerly to hold a file that the operating system has subsequently deleted
A defragmentation program must move files around within the free space available in order to undo fragmentation
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